中国核电

我国核能发展战略的第二步——快堆,因其易裂变燃料在堆中可增殖和可嬗变高放长寿命核素的特性,实现热堆-快堆匹配闭式核燃料循环可保证核能的可持续发展。作为我国快堆工程技术发展的起步,65MW热功率中国实验快堆已处调试阶段。在当前压水堆发展计划的基础上,加快快堆及其相关闭式核燃料循环的发展以实现如下三个战略目标:(1)2030年前批量建成示范快堆,增加核电容量;(2)2050年核电容量发展到240GW,约占国家总电力生产的16%;(3)2050-2100年实现核能大规模替代化石能源,大大减少CO2的排放。

With fast reactor,the second step of the nuclear energy development strategy in China,thermal reactor-fast reactor matched with closed nuclear fuel cycle will be realized to ensure a sustainable development of nuclear energy,thanks to its unique characteristics as in that the fissile material could be bred and long-lived high radioactive nuclides could be transmuted. As the start up of fast reactor engineering development,the 65MWt China Experimental Fast Reactor is now under commissioning and testing stage. Based on the recent program of PWR development,it is suggested to quicken the development of fast reactor and related closed nuclear fuel cycle for realization of three strategic targets:(1) to operate CDFR type plants in batches for increasing the nuclear capacity before 2030; (2) to increase the nuclear capacity up to around 240 GW,sharing 16% of the total electric power production in 2050; and (3) to realize the replacement of fossil fuel by nuclear and the decrease of CO2 emission in large scale.